Accounting for Scope 3 Category 1 Emissions: Why New Industry Guidance Matters for Electronics Decarbonization

Key Summary:

• Scope 3.1 is a maturity journey—progress matters more than perfect data.
• Blended methods are the norm—combine secondary data with targeted supplier inputs.
• Supplier engagement is critical—scale depends on alignment across the value chain.

By Seth Jacobsen, Sustainability Program Manager, Global Electronics Association

Last week, I had the opportunity, alongside colleagues from across the industry, to take part in a webinar co-hosted by the Global Electronics Association, the Responsible Business Alliance, and Anthesis Group. The session marked the official introduction of new industry guidance on Scope 3 Category 1 (Scope 3.1) emissions for the electronics sector, and it surfaced a set of practical realities that many companies are actively grappling with.

Scope 3.1 emissions remain one of the most significant and complex emissions sources in electronics. They sit deep in upstream supply chains, driven by raw material extraction, processing, and component manufacturing. At the same time, they are increasingly central to regulatory disclosure requirements and customer expectations.

Yet despite this importance, reporting remains uneven. Less than half of electronics companies currently disclose emissions in this category, underscoring a persistent gap in both data maturity and methodological consistency.

Why this guidance matters

The newly released guidance responds directly to the structural challenges of the electronics value chain: fragmented supply chains, variable supplier maturity, and inconsistent data availability. Rather than prescribing a single methodology, it establishes a shared framework for progression, recognizing that companies are operating at very different stages of capability.

A central takeaway from the webinar is that Scope 3.1 accounting is not a static exercise. It is a maturity journey.

Key takeaways from the guidance and the webinar:

1. A blended methodology is not a compromise, it’s the norm 
One of the most important principles reinforced in the guidance is that full supplier-specific coverage is neither realistic nor required in most cases. Instead, companies should adopt a blended approach that combines secondary data (such as spend-based and lifecycle factor methods) with targeted primary data collection where it delivers the greatest value.

This approach improves accuracy while keeping effort proportional to material impact.

2. Data quality improves through a structured hierarchy 
The guidance defines a clear progression in emissions calculation methods, from spend-based estimates, to hybrid approaches, to supplier-specific data at the product or facility level. Each step increases precision but also requires greater supplier engagement and data governance.

3. Maturity-based implementation reflects real-world constraints 
Rather than assuming uniform readiness, the guidance introduces a five-level maturity model. Companies typically begin with foundational orientation and secondary data methods, then gradually evolve toward supplier integration and advanced allocation approaches.

This framing is designed to support practical progress rather than theoretical completeness.

4. Supplier engagement is central, not optional 
A consistent theme throughout the webinar was that improving Scope 3.1 data is fundamentally a supplier enablement challenge. Many suppliers lack the systems or capacity to report emissions at the level increasingly expected by customers. Progress therefore depends on collaboration, capability building, harmonization of data requests, and clear prioritization of reporting expectations.

5. Industry alignment is the long-term unlock 
At higher maturity levels, the focus shifts from individual company improvements to system-wide alignment—standardized data exchange, consistent product carbon footprint methodologies, and shared expectations that reduce burden across the value chain.

What this means for industry

The key shift this guidance enables is practical: moving away from the expectation of perfect, fully granular data toward a structured, defensible, and evolving approach to emissions accounting. It helps companies prioritize where to invest in primary data, where secondary methods remain appropriate, and how to build supplier engagement strategies that scale.

How to access the guidance

The full guidance is available through our Evolve webpage.