Knowledge Hub
Your Gateway to Technical Knowledge Exchange for the Global Electronics Community
Explore our database of industry knowledge that fuels innovation, learning, and professional growth. Knowledge Hub is a collection of conference technical papers, webinars, presentations, on-demand video and more. You can search by author, title, keyword and type of content. You can also search for keywords and topics in the Tag field. Access to Knowledge Hub is reserved for members.
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Reliability Screening of Lower Melting Point Pb-Free Alloys Containing Bi
This paper is the second of two papers discussing the companies Lower Melt Alloy program. The first paper was presented at IPC APEX2013. The program explores the manufacturability and reliabili
.. read more
The Last Will and Testaments of Tin/Lead and Lead-free BGA Voids
Conclusions:
•Tin/Lead BGAs: The location of the void within the solder joint was the primary root cause for the loss of solder joint integrity.
•Lead-free BGAs: The statistical analysis and th
.. read more
Mixed Metals Impact on Reliability
With the adoption of RoHS and implementation of Lead Free solders a major concern is how this will impact reliability. Both commercial and military hardware are impacted by this change even tho
.. read more
Testing Intermetallic Fragility on Enig upon Addition of Limitless Cu
As reliability requirements increase,especially for defense and aerospace applications,the need to characterize components used in electronic assembly also increases. OEM and EMS companies look
.. read more
Assembly Process Feasibility of Low/No Silver Alloy Solder Paste Materials
Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu (SAC305) is the most popular near eutectic lead-free alloy used in the manufacturing processes. Over the last several years,the price of silver has dramatically increased driving a
.. read more
Advanced Through-Hole Rework of Thermally Challenging Components/Assemblies: An Evolutionary Process
Although the vast majority of electronic equipment has made the transition to lead-free without significant issue,some market segments still utilize tin-lead solder. The European Union’s RoHS l
.. read more
JEITA’s Standardization Activity of 2nd Generation Lead-Free Solder Paste
1.Obtain suggestions from the solder manufactures
Low-Ag SAC Paste
•Increase in reflow temp
•Impact on thermal fatigue and wetting
Sn-Bi low-temp Paste
•Impact on shock strength
•Creep fatigue
.. read more
Influence of Microstructure on Mechanical Behavior of Bi-Containing Pb-Free Solders
SAC-Bi and Sn-Ag-Bi alloys have demonstrated superior performance in thermal cycling reliability tests of printed circuit boards,such as the National Center for Manufacturing Sciences programs
.. read more
Grain Refinement for Improved Lead-Free Solder Joint Reliability
The very small solder joints that now account for an increasing proportion of the connections on which modern electronics depends are typically made up of only a few grains,sometimes only a sin
.. read more
Lead Free Die Attach Technology for High Power Applications
TLPS materials are an attractive alternative to PbSn for IC power device packaging. They provide a low VOC composition,lead free die attach solution that meets the RoHS guidelines. TLPS materia
.. read more
High Melting Lead-Free Mixed Biagx Solder Paste System
Although lead-free soldering has been main stream in the industry since 2006,with the replacement of eutectic SnPb system by the Sn/Ag/Cu system,the development of drop-in lead-free alternative
.. read more
An Investigation into Low Temperature Tin-Bismuth and Tin-Bismuth-Silver Lead-Free Alloy Solder Pastes for Electronics Manufacturing Applications
The electronics industry has mainly adopted the higher melting point Sn3Ag0.5Cu solder alloys for lead-free reflow soldering applications. For applications where temperature sensitive component
.. read more
Pb-Free Selective Wave Solder Guidelines for Thermally Challenging PCBs
As the use of lead-free alloys has increased in electronic assemblies,much work has been done to develop Design for Manufacturability (DFM) guidelines for the new materials. However,there are s
.. read more
Application of the Advanced Activator Technology on Halogen-Free Lead-Free Solder Paste Development
The Surface Mount Technology (SMT) industry has been faced with several challenges in the past decades. Two of the most recent ones are RoHS compliant lead-free assembly and the adoption of fin
.. read more
The Application of Spherical Bend Testing to Predict Safe Working Manufacturing Process Strains
The increased temperatures associated with lead free processes have produced significant challenges for PWB laminates.
Newly developed laminates have different curing processes,are commonly fil
.. read more
Printable Materials and Devices
Printing technologies provide a simple solution to build electronic circuits on low cost flexible substrates. Materials will play an important role for developing advanced printable technology.
.. read more
Analytical Procedures for Portable Lead-Free Alloy Test Data: State of Merge of iNEMI and SPVC Documents
The IPC Solder Products Value Council,in cooperation with iNEMI and a group of industry experts,has developed a protocol for testing the physical properties of lead free solder alloys. This pre
.. read more
Low Silver Solder Alloys with Good Drop Shock and Thermal Cycle Reliability
SAC105 was shown to have better drop shock reliability than SAC305 however SAC105 thermal cycle performance was not necessarily as good at SAC305. Small quantities (0.1% or so) of some elements
.. read more
Use of the IPC Solder Spread Coupon to Evaluate Pb-Free Solder Pastes and PCB Surface Finishes
Continental is using the IPC solder spread coupon (adopted from NPL) to evaluate Pb-free solder pastes and PCB surface finishes for Solderability. This presentation will compare and contrast so
.. read more
Identifying Reliable Applications for the Tin-Zinc Eutectic in Electrical and Electronic Assemblies
With a melting point of 199°C,about 20°C lower than the liquidus temperature of SAC305 the Sn-Zn eutectic (Sn~9% Zn) appears to be an attractive candidate as a Pb-free solder. With,at July 2010
.. read more
Evaluation of Lead Free Solder Paste Materials for PCBA
Most of electronic components on a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) are surface mount components assembled using solder paste material. Having a good solder paste material is very critical
.. read more
Mitigating Head-in-Pillow Defects: An Experimental Approach to Identify No-Clean Soldering Materials
•Overview
•Test Method Considerations
•Proposed Test Methodology
•PCB,Stencil & Part Information
•Pick-up Adapter Design
•Test Setup Overview
•Head-in-Pillow Defect Detection
•Test Parameters
•
.. read more
IPC Tutorial Topic 3: Evaluation of No-clean Pb-free Halogen-free Solder Pastes That Can Effectively Mitigate Head-in-Pillow Defects and Have Good...
•Background and Objective
•Head-in-Pillow (HiP) Defect
•In Circuit Test (ICT) Testability
•Evaluation Steps
- Solder Paste Selection
- Head-in-Pillow Test
- Printability & Solderability Test
.. read more
Case Study Comparing the Solderability of a Specific Pb Free No Clean Paste in Vapor Phase and Convection Reflow
To help address the environmental requirements driven by the European Union RoHS Directive,consumer applications have changed the solder alloys for the manufacturing of printed circuit board as
.. read more
Use of Lead-Free Laminate DMA and TMA Data to Develop Stress versus Temperature Relationships for Predicting Plated Hole Reliability
Accelerated testing of plated hole life is necessary for economic reasons due to the long time to failure during field operating conditions. One difficulty in performing accelerated testing on
.. read more
High Density Packaging User Group – Pb-free Materials 2 Project Materials Testing of PWB Substrates to Establish Variability of Construction,...
An important element of the High Density Packaging Users Group (HDPUG) Consortium investigation into the reliability of printed wiring board (PWB) constructed with 20 different Pb-free mater
.. read more
Meeting the Challenge of Removing Flux Residues from Electronic Circuitry Utilizing Low Standoff Heights
Our insatiable desire for smaller,faster and highly functional electronic devices presents numerous challenges for package designers and manufacturers. Current day popular approaches include st
.. read more
Pb-free Solder Joint Reliability in a Mildly Accelerated Test Condition
Two different temperature cycling profiles were used to compare the thermal fatigue reliability of Pb free and SnPb solder joints in 16 different,high strain surface mount (SMT) packages. In so
.. read more
The Effects of Non-filled Microvia in Pad on Pb-free Solder Joint Reliability of BGA and QFN Packages in Accelerated Thermal...
The High Density Packaging Users Group (HDPUG) Consortium has completed an experiment to investigate the effect of non-filled microvias in SMT solder joint pads and the associated solder voids
.. read more
Drop Testing of a Pb-Free Board after Assembly and SnPb-Rework
•Board-level drop shock test was performed on 9 assemblies
–63 parts / board
–Parts representative of military package styles
•Assembled on Pb-free compatible laminate with SAC 305 solder
•Sele
.. read more
Reliability Screening of Lower Melting Point Pb-Free Alloys Containing Bi
This paper is the second of two papers discussing the companies Lower Melt Alloy program. The first paper was presented at IPC APEX2013. The program explores the manufacturability and reliabili
.. read more
The Last Will and Testaments of Tin/Lead and Lead-free BGA Voids
Conclusions:
•Tin/Lead BGAs: The location of the void within the solder joint was the primary root cause for the loss of solder joint integrity.
•Lead-free BGAs: The statistical analysis and th
.. read more
Mixed Metals Impact on Reliability
With the adoption of RoHS and implementation of Lead Free solders a major concern is how this will impact reliability. Both commercial and military hardware are impacted by this change even tho
.. read more
Testing Intermetallic Fragility on Enig upon Addition of Limitless Cu
As reliability requirements increase,especially for defense and aerospace applications,the need to characterize components used in electronic assembly also increases. OEM and EMS companies look
.. read more
Assembly Process Feasibility of Low/No Silver Alloy Solder Paste Materials
Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu (SAC305) is the most popular near eutectic lead-free alloy used in the manufacturing processes. Over the last several years,the price of silver has dramatically increased driving a
.. read more
Advanced Through-Hole Rework of Thermally Challenging Components/Assemblies: An Evolutionary Process
Although the vast majority of electronic equipment has made the transition to lead-free without significant issue,some market segments still utilize tin-lead solder. The European Union’s RoHS l
.. read more
JEITA’s Standardization Activity of 2nd Generation Lead-Free Solder Paste
1.Obtain suggestions from the solder manufactures
Low-Ag SAC Paste
•Increase in reflow temp
•Impact on thermal fatigue and wetting
Sn-Bi low-temp Paste
•Impact on shock strength
•Creep fatigue
.. read more
Influence of Microstructure on Mechanical Behavior of Bi-Containing Pb-Free Solders
SAC-Bi and Sn-Ag-Bi alloys have demonstrated superior performance in thermal cycling reliability tests of printed circuit boards,such as the National Center for Manufacturing Sciences programs
.. read more
Grain Refinement for Improved Lead-Free Solder Joint Reliability
The very small solder joints that now account for an increasing proportion of the connections on which modern electronics depends are typically made up of only a few grains,sometimes only a sin
.. read more
Lead Free Die Attach Technology for High Power Applications
TLPS materials are an attractive alternative to PbSn for IC power device packaging. They provide a low VOC composition,lead free die attach solution that meets the RoHS guidelines. TLPS materia
.. read more
High Melting Lead-Free Mixed Biagx Solder Paste System
Although lead-free soldering has been main stream in the industry since 2006,with the replacement of eutectic SnPb system by the Sn/Ag/Cu system,the development of drop-in lead-free alternative
.. read more
An Investigation into Low Temperature Tin-Bismuth and Tin-Bismuth-Silver Lead-Free Alloy Solder Pastes for Electronics Manufacturing Applications
The electronics industry has mainly adopted the higher melting point Sn3Ag0.5Cu solder alloys for lead-free reflow soldering applications. For applications where temperature sensitive component
.. read more
Pb-Free Selective Wave Solder Guidelines for Thermally Challenging PCBs
As the use of lead-free alloys has increased in electronic assemblies,much work has been done to develop Design for Manufacturability (DFM) guidelines for the new materials. However,there are s
.. read more
Application of the Advanced Activator Technology on Halogen-Free Lead-Free Solder Paste Development
The Surface Mount Technology (SMT) industry has been faced with several challenges in the past decades. Two of the most recent ones are RoHS compliant lead-free assembly and the adoption of fin
.. read more
The Application of Spherical Bend Testing to Predict Safe Working Manufacturing Process Strains
The increased temperatures associated with lead free processes have produced significant challenges for PWB laminates.
Newly developed laminates have different curing processes,are commonly fil
.. read more
Printable Materials and Devices
Printing technologies provide a simple solution to build electronic circuits on low cost flexible substrates. Materials will play an important role for developing advanced printable technology.
.. read more
Analytical Procedures for Portable Lead-Free Alloy Test Data: State of Merge of iNEMI and SPVC Documents
The IPC Solder Products Value Council,in cooperation with iNEMI and a group of industry experts,has developed a protocol for testing the physical properties of lead free solder alloys. This pre
.. read more
Low Silver Solder Alloys with Good Drop Shock and Thermal Cycle Reliability
SAC105 was shown to have better drop shock reliability than SAC305 however SAC105 thermal cycle performance was not necessarily as good at SAC305. Small quantities (0.1% or so) of some elements
.. read more
Use of the IPC Solder Spread Coupon to Evaluate Pb-Free Solder Pastes and PCB Surface Finishes
Continental is using the IPC solder spread coupon (adopted from NPL) to evaluate Pb-free solder pastes and PCB surface finishes for Solderability. This presentation will compare and contrast so
.. read more
Identifying Reliable Applications for the Tin-Zinc Eutectic in Electrical and Electronic Assemblies
With a melting point of 199°C,about 20°C lower than the liquidus temperature of SAC305 the Sn-Zn eutectic (Sn~9% Zn) appears to be an attractive candidate as a Pb-free solder. With,at July 2010
.. read more
Evaluation of Lead Free Solder Paste Materials for PCBA
Most of electronic components on a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) are surface mount components assembled using solder paste material. Having a good solder paste material is very critical
.. read more
Mitigating Head-in-Pillow Defects: An Experimental Approach to Identify No-Clean Soldering Materials
•Overview
•Test Method Considerations
•Proposed Test Methodology
•PCB,Stencil & Part Information
•Pick-up Adapter Design
•Test Setup Overview
•Head-in-Pillow Defect Detection
•Test Parameters
•
.. read more
IPC Tutorial Topic 3: Evaluation of No-clean Pb-free Halogen-free Solder Pastes That Can Effectively Mitigate Head-in-Pillow Defects and Have Good...
•Background and Objective
•Head-in-Pillow (HiP) Defect
•In Circuit Test (ICT) Testability
•Evaluation Steps
- Solder Paste Selection
- Head-in-Pillow Test
- Printability & Solderability Test
.. read more
Case Study Comparing the Solderability of a Specific Pb Free No Clean Paste in Vapor Phase and Convection Reflow
To help address the environmental requirements driven by the European Union RoHS Directive,consumer applications have changed the solder alloys for the manufacturing of printed circuit board as
.. read more
Use of Lead-Free Laminate DMA and TMA Data to Develop Stress versus Temperature Relationships for Predicting Plated Hole Reliability
Accelerated testing of plated hole life is necessary for economic reasons due to the long time to failure during field operating conditions. One difficulty in performing accelerated testing on
.. read more
High Density Packaging User Group – Pb-free Materials 2 Project Materials Testing of PWB Substrates to Establish Variability of Construction,...
An important element of the High Density Packaging Users Group (HDPUG) Consortium investigation into the reliability of printed wiring board (PWB) constructed with 20 different Pb-free mater
.. read more
Meeting the Challenge of Removing Flux Residues from Electronic Circuitry Utilizing Low Standoff Heights
Our insatiable desire for smaller,faster and highly functional electronic devices presents numerous challenges for package designers and manufacturers. Current day popular approaches include st
.. read more
Pb-free Solder Joint Reliability in a Mildly Accelerated Test Condition
Two different temperature cycling profiles were used to compare the thermal fatigue reliability of Pb free and SnPb solder joints in 16 different,high strain surface mount (SMT) packages. In so
.. read more
The Effects of Non-filled Microvia in Pad on Pb-free Solder Joint Reliability of BGA and QFN Packages in Accelerated Thermal...
The High Density Packaging Users Group (HDPUG) Consortium has completed an experiment to investigate the effect of non-filled microvias in SMT solder joint pads and the associated solder voids
.. read more
Drop Testing of a Pb-Free Board after Assembly and SnPb-Rework
•Board-level drop shock test was performed on 9 assemblies
–63 parts / board
–Parts representative of military package styles
•Assembled on Pb-free compatible laminate with SAC 305 solder
•Sele
.. read more