Knowledge Hub
Your Gateway to Technical Knowledge Exchange for the Global Electronics Community
Explore our database of industry knowledge that fuels innovation, learning, and professional growth. Knowledge Hub is a collection of conference technical papers, webinars, presentations, on-demand video and more. You can search by author, title, keyword and type of content. You can also search for keywords and topics in the Tag field. Access to Knowledge Hub is reserved for members.
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Case Study Comparing the Solderability of a Specific Pb Free No Clean Paste in Vapor Phase and Convection Reflow
To help address the environmental requirements driven by the European Union RoHS Directive,consumer applications have changed the solder alloys for the manufacturing of printed circuit board as
.. read more
Use of Lead-Free Laminate DMA and TMA Data to Develop Stress versus Temperature Relationships for Predicting Plated Hole Reliability
Accelerated testing of plated hole life is necessary for economic reasons due to the long time to failure during field operating conditions. One difficulty in performing accelerated testing on
.. read more
High Density Packaging User Group – Pb-free Materials 2 Project Materials Testing of PWB Substrates to Establish Variability of Construction,...
An important element of the High Density Packaging Users Group (HDPUG) Consortium investigation into the reliability of printed wiring board (PWB) constructed with 20 different Pb-free mater
.. read more
Drop Testing of a Pb-Free Board after Assembly and SnPb-Rework
•Board-level drop shock test was performed on 9 assemblies
–63 parts / board
–Parts representative of military package styles
•Assembled on Pb-free compatible laminate with SAC 305 solder
•Sele
.. read more
Management and Mitigation of Tin Whiskers for Lead-Free Electronics
The lead-free directive from the EU has created a number of challenges for high reliability electronic applications. Key among those challenges is the need to address the issue of tin whiskers.
.. read more
IPC/JEDEC J-STD-609AMarking and Labeling of Components,PCBs and PCBAs to Identify Lead (Pb),Lead-Free (Pb-Free) and Other Attributes
• The standard covers marking and labellingof both tin-lead and lead-free components,boards and solders used in 2ndlevel assembly.
• Other areas covered include board base material type and sur
.. read more
Thermal Cycling Reliability Screening of Multiple Pb-free Solder Ball Alloys
Thermal cycling tests were conducted using two different ceramic ball grid array (CBGA) test vehicles having balls comprised of nine different Pb free solder alloys. The experiment was designed
.. read more
Achieving High Reliability Low Cost Lead-Free SAC Solder Joints Via Mn Or Ce Doping
In this study,the reliabilities of low Ag SAC alloys doped with Mn or Ce (SACM or SACC) were evaluated under JEDEC drop,dynamic bending,thermal cycling,and cyclic bending test conditions agains
.. read more
Low-Silver BGA Assembly Phase II – Reliability Assessment Fifth Report: Preliminary Thermal Cycling Results
Some ball grid array suppliers are migrating their sphere alloys from SAC305 (3% Ag) or SAC405 (4% Ag) to alloys with lower silver contents. There are numerous perceived reliability benefits to
.. read more
Drop Test Performance of A Medium Complexity Lead-Free Board After Assembly and Rework
The mechanical behavior of printed circuit assemblies (PCA) at high strain rates is very important for the reliability of products used in harsh environments. The transition to Pb-free material
.. read more
Progress in Developing Industry Standard Test Requirements for Pb-Free Solder Alloys
Recently,the industry has seen the development of a wide range of new Pb-free alloys. A significant element of uncertainty within the industry regarding these new alloys is the lack of defined
.. read more
Lead-Free Flux Technology and Influence on Cleaning
Lead-free flux technology for electronic industry is mainly driven by high soldering temperature,high alloy surface tension, miniaturization,air soldering due to low cost consideration,and envi
.. read more
Characterizing the Lead-Free Impact on PCB Pad Craters
Pad cratering in Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) is typically associated with lead-free products. This paper addresses laminate materials and the failures associated with the higher Pb-Free reflo
.. read more
Filling in the Gaps in Lead-Free Reliability Modeling and Testing
This presentation discusses critical material properties and test data that are often overlooked in the introduction of new lead-free solder alloys,but are critical to alloy comparison and the
.. read more
Nanotechnology for Lead-Free PWB Final Finishes with Organic Metal
The use of an Organic Metal finish only a few nano-meters deposited onto copper pads of printed circuit boards provides effective protection against oxidation and preserves solderability. The N
.. read more
NASA-DoD Lead-Free Electronics Project: Mechanical Shock Test
Mechanical shock testing was conducted by Boeing Research and Technology (Seattle) for the NASA-DoD Lead-Free Electronics Solder Project. This project is follow-on to the Joint Council on Aging
.. read more
Solder Paste Residue Corrosivity Assessment: Bono Test
Lead free soldering with no clean solder pastes represent nowadays the most common process in electronic assembly. A solder paste is usually considered as no-clean if it passes all IPC J-STD-00
.. read more
Design Considerations for High Reliability PCB
- History & Importance of PCB - Environmental Initiatives - Reliability Consideration With High Temp Processing - Reliability Considerations for Materials to withstand Lead-Free Assembly
.. read more
Pb-Free Reflow,PCB Degradation,and the Influence of Moisture Absorption
Cracking and delamination defects in printed circuit boards (PCBs) during elevated thermal exposure have always been a concern for the electronics industry. However,with the increasing spread o
.. read more
Proposed Standardizations of Lead Free Alloy Testing
Although lead free assembly is now widely adopted the industry is still exploring a variety of options for lead free alloys. Attempts to standardize on a single alloy for either reflow or wave
.. read more
IPC Solder Products Value Council (SPVC) Lead-Free Technical Subcommittee Report: Take Action Limits (TAL) for SAC305 Lead Free Automated Soldering...
At present there are a large number of materials that have been proposed as replacements for lead containing solder for reflow and wave and selective soldering.
Unlike solder paste in a reflow
.. read more
Vibration and Mechanical Shock Testing
Little data has been generated on the performance of lead-free solders under vibration and mechanical shock. What data exists suggests that lead-free solders may be less reliable than eutectic
.. read more
Bare Board Material Performance after Pb-free Reflow
This presentation will review the findings of a HDPUG consortia effort to evaluate 29 different bare board material and stack-up combinations and their associated performance after 6X Pb-free r
.. read more
The Role of the Interfacial Intermetallic in Lead-Free Solder
The formation during the soldering process of the layer of intermetallic compound Cu6Sn5 at the solder substrate interface
provides the essential evidence that a metallurgical bond that is the
.. read more
Solder Creep-Fatigue Model Parameters for SAC & Snag Lead-Free Solder Joint Reliability Estimation
For many of the Pb-free solders required under the European RoHS directive,there is now sufficient information,primarily in the form of the results of accelerated thermal cycling of various lev
.. read more
Filling in the Gaps in Lead-Free Reliability Modeling and Testing
This presentation discusses critical material properties and test data that are often overlooked in the introduction of new lead-free solder alloys,but are critical to alloy comparison and the
.. read more
The Impact of Converting Flex Circuits From HASL to a RoHS Compliant Surface Finishes
This paper will explore the most common alternatives to hot air-leveled solder (HASL) as a finish for flex circuits and some of the issues one may want to be aware of when converting. Whether t
.. read more
A Test Methodology for Copper Dissolution in Lead-Free Alloys
Lead-free selective soldering can result in extended times at high temperatures,which in turn can result in excessive dissolution of exposed copper,such as plated through holes. This phenomenon
.. read more
Effect of Lead-free Soldering on Key Material Properties of FR-4 Printed Circuit Board Laminates
The high temperature exposures associated with lead-free soldering of printed circuit boards (PCBs) can alter the laminate
material properties thereby creating a shift in the performance and re
.. read more
Pb-Free Reflow,PCB Degradation,and the Influence of Moisture Absorption
The cracking and delamination of printed circuit boards (PCB) during exposure to elevated thermal exposure,such as reflow and rework,have always been a concern for the electronics industry. How
.. read more
Case Study Comparing the Solderability of a Specific Pb Free No Clean Paste in Vapor Phase and Convection Reflow
To help address the environmental requirements driven by the European Union RoHS Directive,consumer applications have changed the solder alloys for the manufacturing of printed circuit board as
.. read more
Use of Lead-Free Laminate DMA and TMA Data to Develop Stress versus Temperature Relationships for Predicting Plated Hole Reliability
Accelerated testing of plated hole life is necessary for economic reasons due to the long time to failure during field operating conditions. One difficulty in performing accelerated testing on
.. read more
High Density Packaging User Group – Pb-free Materials 2 Project Materials Testing of PWB Substrates to Establish Variability of Construction,...
An important element of the High Density Packaging Users Group (HDPUG) Consortium investigation into the reliability of printed wiring board (PWB) constructed with 20 different Pb-free mater
.. read more
Drop Testing of a Pb-Free Board after Assembly and SnPb-Rework
•Board-level drop shock test was performed on 9 assemblies
–63 parts / board
–Parts representative of military package styles
•Assembled on Pb-free compatible laminate with SAC 305 solder
•Sele
.. read more
Management and Mitigation of Tin Whiskers for Lead-Free Electronics
The lead-free directive from the EU has created a number of challenges for high reliability electronic applications. Key among those challenges is the need to address the issue of tin whiskers.
.. read more
IPC/JEDEC J-STD-609AMarking and Labeling of Components,PCBs and PCBAs to Identify Lead (Pb),Lead-Free (Pb-Free) and Other Attributes
• The standard covers marking and labellingof both tin-lead and lead-free components,boards and solders used in 2ndlevel assembly.
• Other areas covered include board base material type and sur
.. read more
Thermal Cycling Reliability Screening of Multiple Pb-free Solder Ball Alloys
Thermal cycling tests were conducted using two different ceramic ball grid array (CBGA) test vehicles having balls comprised of nine different Pb free solder alloys. The experiment was designed
.. read more
Achieving High Reliability Low Cost Lead-Free SAC Solder Joints Via Mn Or Ce Doping
In this study,the reliabilities of low Ag SAC alloys doped with Mn or Ce (SACM or SACC) were evaluated under JEDEC drop,dynamic bending,thermal cycling,and cyclic bending test conditions agains
.. read more
Low-Silver BGA Assembly Phase II – Reliability Assessment Fifth Report: Preliminary Thermal Cycling Results
Some ball grid array suppliers are migrating their sphere alloys from SAC305 (3% Ag) or SAC405 (4% Ag) to alloys with lower silver contents. There are numerous perceived reliability benefits to
.. read more
Drop Test Performance of A Medium Complexity Lead-Free Board After Assembly and Rework
The mechanical behavior of printed circuit assemblies (PCA) at high strain rates is very important for the reliability of products used in harsh environments. The transition to Pb-free material
.. read more
Progress in Developing Industry Standard Test Requirements for Pb-Free Solder Alloys
Recently,the industry has seen the development of a wide range of new Pb-free alloys. A significant element of uncertainty within the industry regarding these new alloys is the lack of defined
.. read more
Lead-Free Flux Technology and Influence on Cleaning
Lead-free flux technology for electronic industry is mainly driven by high soldering temperature,high alloy surface tension, miniaturization,air soldering due to low cost consideration,and envi
.. read more
Characterizing the Lead-Free Impact on PCB Pad Craters
Pad cratering in Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) is typically associated with lead-free products. This paper addresses laminate materials and the failures associated with the higher Pb-Free reflo
.. read more
Filling in the Gaps in Lead-Free Reliability Modeling and Testing
This presentation discusses critical material properties and test data that are often overlooked in the introduction of new lead-free solder alloys,but are critical to alloy comparison and the
.. read more
Nanotechnology for Lead-Free PWB Final Finishes with Organic Metal
The use of an Organic Metal finish only a few nano-meters deposited onto copper pads of printed circuit boards provides effective protection against oxidation and preserves solderability. The N
.. read more
NASA-DoD Lead-Free Electronics Project: Mechanical Shock Test
Mechanical shock testing was conducted by Boeing Research and Technology (Seattle) for the NASA-DoD Lead-Free Electronics Solder Project. This project is follow-on to the Joint Council on Aging
.. read more
Solder Paste Residue Corrosivity Assessment: Bono Test
Lead free soldering with no clean solder pastes represent nowadays the most common process in electronic assembly. A solder paste is usually considered as no-clean if it passes all IPC J-STD-00
.. read more
Design Considerations for High Reliability PCB
- History & Importance of PCB - Environmental Initiatives - Reliability Consideration With High Temp Processing - Reliability Considerations for Materials to withstand Lead-Free Assembly
.. read more
Pb-Free Reflow,PCB Degradation,and the Influence of Moisture Absorption
Cracking and delamination defects in printed circuit boards (PCBs) during elevated thermal exposure have always been a concern for the electronics industry. However,with the increasing spread o
.. read more
Proposed Standardizations of Lead Free Alloy Testing
Although lead free assembly is now widely adopted the industry is still exploring a variety of options for lead free alloys. Attempts to standardize on a single alloy for either reflow or wave
.. read more
IPC Solder Products Value Council (SPVC) Lead-Free Technical Subcommittee Report: Take Action Limits (TAL) for SAC305 Lead Free Automated Soldering...
At present there are a large number of materials that have been proposed as replacements for lead containing solder for reflow and wave and selective soldering.
Unlike solder paste in a reflow
.. read more
Vibration and Mechanical Shock Testing
Little data has been generated on the performance of lead-free solders under vibration and mechanical shock. What data exists suggests that lead-free solders may be less reliable than eutectic
.. read more
Bare Board Material Performance after Pb-free Reflow
This presentation will review the findings of a HDPUG consortia effort to evaluate 29 different bare board material and stack-up combinations and their associated performance after 6X Pb-free r
.. read more
The Role of the Interfacial Intermetallic in Lead-Free Solder
The formation during the soldering process of the layer of intermetallic compound Cu6Sn5 at the solder substrate interface
provides the essential evidence that a metallurgical bond that is the
.. read more
Solder Creep-Fatigue Model Parameters for SAC & Snag Lead-Free Solder Joint Reliability Estimation
For many of the Pb-free solders required under the European RoHS directive,there is now sufficient information,primarily in the form of the results of accelerated thermal cycling of various lev
.. read more
Filling in the Gaps in Lead-Free Reliability Modeling and Testing
This presentation discusses critical material properties and test data that are often overlooked in the introduction of new lead-free solder alloys,but are critical to alloy comparison and the
.. read more
The Impact of Converting Flex Circuits From HASL to a RoHS Compliant Surface Finishes
This paper will explore the most common alternatives to hot air-leveled solder (HASL) as a finish for flex circuits and some of the issues one may want to be aware of when converting. Whether t
.. read more
A Test Methodology for Copper Dissolution in Lead-Free Alloys
Lead-free selective soldering can result in extended times at high temperatures,which in turn can result in excessive dissolution of exposed copper,such as plated through holes. This phenomenon
.. read more
Effect of Lead-free Soldering on Key Material Properties of FR-4 Printed Circuit Board Laminates
The high temperature exposures associated with lead-free soldering of printed circuit boards (PCBs) can alter the laminate
material properties thereby creating a shift in the performance and re
.. read more
Pb-Free Reflow,PCB Degradation,and the Influence of Moisture Absorption
The cracking and delamination of printed circuit boards (PCB) during exposure to elevated thermal exposure,such as reflow and rework,have always been a concern for the electronics industry. How
.. read more